After Halloween, All Saints’ Day: what is celebrated on 1 and 2 November?

Ce ne sont pas trois noms pour une seule fête.

Normally ne and pas wrap the verb. Before a vowel, ne becomes n’. Check which part of the sentence the negation covers. Ne … plus means “no longer”.

Selon l’Église catholique en France, la Toussaint, le 1er novembre, célèbre tous les saints.

Selon means “according to”. Put a person or organisation after it as the source. It separates facts the writer checked directly from what another body or report said. Citing a source does not turn a forecast into an accomplished fact.

Une comparaison avec Obon au Japon peut ouvrir la discussion, sans confondre les origines religieuses ni les calendriers.

Put a base-form verb after pouvoir. Peut means “can” or “may”; the conditional pourrait gives a more reserved possibility, “might”. It does not necessarily mean implementation is settled.

Le calendrier du ministère prévoit la reprise le lundi 2 novembre pour les zones A, B et C de métropole.

Prévoir means “to plan, to expect”. Être prévu means “to be scheduled” and être envisagé means “to be under consideration”. In the news, read them separately from expressions that describe events that have already happened. They do not say that the event has already taken place.

Un repère culturel de saison pour distinguer Halloween, la fête de tous les saints et la commémoration des défunts.

This is the purpose, “in order to…”. Put the base form of a verb after pour. The purpose stated here is separate from whether the effect was actually achieved.

Le mot donne aussi son nom aux vacances scolaires, mais un jour férié et une période de vacances sont différents.

Est is third-person singular and sont third-person plural of être. They express “is / are” — a state or description. If a past participle follows, it is a different structure such as the passive, so check the words that follow.

フランスのカトリック教会によると、この日はすべての聖人を祝います。

As in “LCPによると”, it shows where the information comes from. What that source reported follows. It is used differently from “私にとって”, which gives one’s own opinion.

同じお祝いを三つの名前で呼ぶわけではありません。

These forms limit and deny an interpretation: “it does not necessarily follow” or “that is not what is meant”. They do not necessarily deny every fact in the sentence. Read what is being denied together with the earlier part.

日本のお盆と比較すると話題を広げられますが、起源や宗教、日付が同じ制度ではありません。

They negate a noun and similar content. “ではありません” is the polite form and “ではない” the plain form. “成立ではありません” shows that it cannot be said to have been concluded.

海外県などでは日程が異なる場合があります。

“暴言など” gives “abusive language” as one example. It is not necessarily a closed list of only the things named. It also helps when reading the scope of a news story.

住んでいる地区の学校暦で確認することが大切です。

“〜すること” treats an action or content like a noun. The particle after it (が・を・は…) shows its role in the sentence. “ことができる” is a fixed combination meaning “can”.

店や施設の営業は、各施設の案内で確認してください。

The て-form links actions in a series, in order or as a reason. In “確認して、出発する” the relation is judged from the content. In “〜ている” it can show an action in progress or a continuing state.