Cyberattack on supermarket refrigeration: U, Intermarché and Leclerc hit

Carrefour Market et Monoprix sont cités dans des informations encore non confirmées par ces enseignes à ce stade.

Est is third-person singular and sont third-person plural of être. They express “is / are” — a state or description. If a past participle follows, it is a different structure such as the passive, so check the words that follow.

JAPANITIES n’a pas confirmé les magasins bordelais touchés ni leurs horaires.

The passé composé is the most common past tense, used for “did” and “has done” — actions completed in the past. It is formed with the auxiliary avoir (a / ont…) in the present + a past participle. Past participles of -er verbs end in -é (annoncer → annoncé); learn the irregular ones (faire → fait, prendre → pris, voir → vu). In the negative, ne … pas wraps the auxiliary (n’a pas annoncé). In the news it reports facts that have already happened, such as “announced” or “voted”.

Quelles enseignes sont concernées ?

The passive means “is done” or “is being done”. It is formed with être + past participle, which agrees with the subject in gender and number (la mesure est adoptée / les mesures sont adoptées). The agent is introduced by par (or de). In the news it is common when the event, rather than the actor, is the focus (est prévu / est annoncé / est connu).

Des équipements frigorifiques ont été touchés dans plusieurs enseignes françaises.

The past passive means “was done”. Its form is present of avoir + été (past participle of être) + past participle. Été does not change, but the last participle agrees with the subject in gender and number (la loi a été votée / les textes ont été votés). It is frequent in news reporting results such as votes, decisions and announcements.

Ne supposez pas que votre magasin est concerné : consultez ses annonces officielles pour l’ouverture et les rayons disponibles.

The imperative expresses commands, requests and advice. It has no subject: the sentence starts with the verb (Consultez les informations.). The vous form ends in -ez, nous in -ons (Restons prudents.), and tu in -e for -er verbs (Consulte). It is very common in notices and warnings (Vérifiez, Consultez, Restez informé).

Cela ne concerne pas nécessairement tous leurs magasins.

Normally ne and pas wrap the verb. Before a vowel, ne becomes n’. Check which part of the sentence the negation covers. Ne … plus means “no longer”.

Un dérèglement peut rendre des produits impropres à la vente.

Put a base-form verb after pouvoir. Peut means “can” or “may”; the conditional pourrait gives a more reserved possibility, “might”. It does not necessarily mean implementation is settled.

Dans la nuit du 11 au 12 octobre, des équipements frigorifiques de supermarchés français ont subi une cyberattaque.

De…à… shows the start and end, “from … to …”, and is also used for changes in figures. With dates, de + le becomes du and à + le becomes au, giving forms like du 13 au 15. Check whether the interval concerns dates, times or amounts.

Dans la nuit du 11 au 12 octobre, des équipements frigorifiques de supermarchés français ont subi une cyberattaque.

Le 15 octobre means “on 15 October”. Distinguish the le before a date from the le that marks a weekly habit like a weekday. Du is de + le and au is à + le, so decide the meaning from the verb and period expressions around them. Their role depends on the group: a range of dates, the date of a bulletin or another complement.

Intermarché indique que les magasins touchés doivent jeter des produits frais et surgelés.

Devoir + infinitive means “must”, but depending on context it can also mean “is expected to”. Devrait is conditional. In the news, judge from the context whether it is an obligation or a forecast.

全店舗が被害を受けたという意味ではありません。

These forms limit and deny an interpretation: “it does not necessarily follow” or “that is not what is meant”. They do not necessarily deny every fact in the sentence. Read what is being denied together with the earlier part.

この記事は冷蔵設備への攻撃に関する報道をまとめたもので、顧客の個人情報が流出したことを確認したものではありません。

They negate a noun and similar content. “ではありません” is the polite form and “ではない” the plain form. “成立ではありません” shows that it cannot be said to have been concluded.

商品について疑問があれば店舗に問い合わせましょう。

As in “予算について”, it shows the topic to be talked about or explained. In the form “〜についての報道”, の is added so that the group qualifies the following noun.

この記事は冷蔵設備への攻撃に関する報道をまとめたもので、顧客の個人情報が流出したことを確認したものではありません。

As in “税控除に関する採決”, it explains what the following noun relates to. It is close to “about” and is common in headlines and descriptions.

冷蔵・冷凍設備は、食品を適切な温度で保存するための装置です。

ため is used for both reason and purpose. “成立ではないため” is a reason and “運転手を守るため” a purpose. Decide from the whole sentence whether what precedes is a cause or a goal.

10月11日夜から12日にかけて、フランスのスーパーの冷蔵・冷凍設備がサイバー攻撃を受けました。

In “発表しました”, ました makes a verb polite past. The negative is “ませんでした”. Read the actual date together with the date and time in the text.