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Ukraine and Russia: cyberattacks on alert apps, hours after a truce ended

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AT A GLANCE
  • Ukraine and Russia say their alert apps were hit by cyberattacks.
  • Kyiv says fake alerts appeared and accuses Russia.
  • It happened hours after the six-day truce in Olechky ended.
Illustrative photo of Kyiv. Not a photo of these cyberattacks.
Sergey Galyonkin from Raleigh, USA · CC BY-SA 2.0Illustrative photo of Kyiv. Not a photo of these cyberattacks.
In this article

The facts

According to franceinfo, in the night of 1 to 2 November the Ukrainian Air Force said that the official air-raid alert app had been hacked. A few hours earlier, the Russian Ministry of Emergency Situations had reported a “massive cyberattack” on its app that warns of Ukrainian drone attacks and other dangers. The attackers were able to “spread false information to the population”, it wrote on Telegram, announcing work to fix the vulnerability.

Who accuses whom

The Ukrainian Centre for Strategic Communications (Spravdi) blames Russia for the hacking of its app: “This is evident from the appearance of several unusual alerts, and a message in Russian mentions ‘Oreshnik’”, a Russian missile, it wrote on X. A screenshot released by the centre shows fake alerts about a threat of nuclear radiation and chemical risks. Russia did not say, at the time, who was responsible. France 24 headlines mutual accusations by the two countries.

Just after the end of the truce

The attacks came a few hours after the end of a very localised six-day ceasefire at Olechky, in the Kherson region of southern Ukraine. The truce allowed residents to be evacuated from a town that has suffered severe shortages for months; it is the longest halt in fighting since the start of the Russian invasion in February 2022, according to franceinfo.

Read with caution

When an alert app is hacked, it becomes hard for the public to tell a real alert from a false one. On the Ukrainian side the message is: “If you see strange messages in the app, ignore them.” The identity of the perpetrators and the extent of the damage rest on statements by both sides, without independent confirmation at this stage; follow upcoming reports.

LANGUAGE NOTES

Learn the grammar

Explained in English

French grammar

Learn sentence patterns and usage from the article’s own sentences.

01The present indicative
Structure

est / sont + attribute (noun, adjective, prepositional phrase)

In the article
Cette trêve a permis d’évacuer des habitants d’une ville en proie depuis des mois à de graves pénuries ; c’est le plus long arrêt des combats depuis le début de l’invasion russe, en février 2022, selon franceinfo.
Key points

Être in the present is est for a singular subject and sont for a plural one. It describes nature, state or place (“is”, “is located”). If what follows (the attribute) is a noun, adjective or prepositional phrase, it is not a passive. If a past participle follows, it is a passive (est annoncé). Headlines and summaries often use the present to describe the current situation.

02The passé composé
Structure

present of avoir + past participle

In the article
Les deux pays dénoncent le piratage d’applications qui alertent la population ; des fausses alertes ont circulé, selon Kiev.
Key points

The passé composé is the most common past tense, used for “did” and “has done” — actions completed in the past. It is formed with the auxiliary avoir (a / ont…) in the present + a past participle. Past participles of -er verbs end in -é (annoncer → annoncé); learn the irregular ones (faire → fait, prendre → pris, voir → vu). In the negative, ne … pas wraps the auxiliary (n’a pas annoncé). In the news it reports facts that have already happened, such as “announced” or “voted”.

03The imparfait
Structure

stem (nous form of the present) + -ais / -ait / -ions / -iez / -aient

In the article
Quelques heures plus tôt, le ministère russe des Situations d’urgence avait rapporté une « cyberattaque massive » contre son application d’alerte aux attaques de drones ukrainiens et autres dangers.
Key points

The imparfait describes states, background, habits and actions in progress in the past (il était, elle avait, ils pensaient). Take the nous form of the present, drop -ons, and add -ais / -ais / -ait / -ions / -iez / -aient. If the passé composé gives “the event itself”, the imparfait paints “the situation at the time”.

04The passive voice in the present
Structure

être (est / sont) + past participle (+ par / de)

In the article
Les attaques sont survenues quelques heures après la fin d’un cessez-le-feu très localisé de six jours à Olechky, dans la région de Kherson, au sud de l’Ukraine.
Key points

The passive means “is done” or “is being done”. It is formed with être + past participle, which agrees with the subject in gender and number (la mesure est adoptée / les mesures sont adoptées). The agent is introduced by par (or de). In the news it is common when the event, rather than the actor, is the focus (est prévu / est annoncé / est connu).

05The passive in the passé composé
Structure

a / ont été + past participle

In the article
Selon franceinfo, dans la nuit du 1er au 2 novembre, l’armée de l’Air ukrainienne a déclaré que l’application officielle d’alerte aux frappes aériennes avait été piratée.
Key points

The past passive means “was done”. Its form is present of avoir + été (past participle of être) + past participle. Été does not change, but the last participle agrees with the subject in gender and number (la loi a été votée / les textes ont été votés). It is frequent in news reporting results such as votes, decisions and announcements.

06The gerund
Structure

en + present participle (-ant)

In the article
Les assaillants ont pu « diffuser de fausses informations auprès de la population », a-t-il écrit sur Telegram, en annonçant des travaux pour corriger la vulnérabilité.
Key points

The gerund means “while doing”, “by doing” or “when doing”. Its form is en + present participle (-ant). Take the nous form of the present, drop -ons and add -ant (faire → faisant). The subject is normally that of the main clause. It shows things happening at the same time, or the means.

07The imperative
Structure

present vous form (-ez) / nous (-ons) / tu

In the article
» L’identité des auteurs et l’ampleur des dégâts reposent sur les déclarations des deux parties, sans confirmation indépendante à ce stade ; suivez les reportages à venir.
Key points

The imperative expresses commands, requests and advice. It has no subject: the sentence starts with the verb (Consultez les informations.). The vous form ends in -ez, nous in -ons (Restons prudents.), and tu in -e for -er verbs (Consulte). It is very common in notices and warnings (Vérifiez, Consultez, Restez informé).

08Negation and its scope
Structure

ne / n’ … pas · ne … plus

In the article
La Russie n’a pas indiqué, dans l’immédiat, qui était responsable.
Key points

Normally ne and pas wrap the verb. Before a vowel, ne becomes n’. Check which part of the sentence the negation covers. Ne … plus means “no longer”.

09Citing a source with selon
Structure

selon + noun / organisation

In the article
Les deux pays dénoncent le piratage d’applications qui alertent la population ; des fausses alertes ont circulé, selon Kiev.
Key points

Selon means “according to”. Put a person or organisation after it as the source. It separates facts the writer checked directly from what another body or report said. Citing a source does not turn a forecast into an accomplished fact.

10Purpose with pour
Structure

pour + infinitive

In the article
Les assaillants ont pu « diffuser de fausses informations auprès de la population », a-t-il écrit sur Telegram, en annonçant des travaux pour corriger la vulnérabilité.
Key points

This is the purpose, “in order to…”. Put the base form of a verb after pour. The purpose stated here is separate from whether the effect was actually achieved.

11The subject relative pronoun qui
Structure

noun + qui + verb

In the article
Les deux pays dénoncent le piratage d’applications qui alertent la population ; des fausses alertes ont circulé, selon Kiev.
Key points

Qui continues a description of the person or thing just mentioned (“the one that does…”). Because qui is itself the subject of the next verb, do not repeat the subject. The verb agrees with the noun qui refers to.

12Dates and their prepositions
Structure

le + 日付 / du … au …

In the article
Selon franceinfo, dans la nuit du 1er au 2 novembre, l’armée de l’Air ukrainienne a déclaré que l’application officielle d’alerte aux frappes aériennes avait été piratée.
Key points

Le 15 octobre means “on 15 October”. Distinguish the le before a date from the le that marks a weekly habit like a weekday. Du is de + le and au is à + le, so decide the meaning from the verb and period expressions around them. Their role depends on the group: a range of dates, the date of a bulletin or another complement.

Explained in English

Japanese grammar

Understand the structure and usage from the text.

01Citing a source: によると
Structure

noun + によると

In the article
franceinfoによると、11月1日から2日にかけての夜、ウクライナ空軍は、全国で使われている空襲警報の公式アプリが乗っ取られたと発表しました。
Key points

As in “LCPによると”, it shows where the information comes from. What that source reported follows. It is used differently from “私にとって”, which gives one’s own opinion.

02Giving examples with など
Structure

noun / expression + など

In the article
その数時間前には、ロシアの非常事態省も、ウクライナのドローン攻撃などを知らせるスマートフォンアプリが「大規模なサイバー攻撃」を受けたと報告していました。
Key points

“暴言など” gives “abusive language” as one example. It is not necessarily a closed list of only the things named. It also helps when reading the scope of a news story.

03The polite past ました
Structure

verb stem (連用形) + ました

In the article
両国が、住民に攻撃を知らせるアプリが乗っ取られたと発表しました。
Key points

In “発表しました”, ました makes a verb polite past. The negative is “ませんでした”. Read the actual date together with the date and time in the text.

04Quoting with と: content and report
Structure

plain-form sentence + と + verbe de parole (報じる, 説明する…)

In the article
France 24は、両国が互いに非難していると伝えています。
Key points

と takes the content that is reported or explained. In “改定する方針だと報じました”, “改定する方針だ” is what the report said. Separating the content from who said it and how makes long sentences easier to read.

05Treating a clause like a noun with こと
Structure

plain-form sentence + こと + particle

In the article
この停戦は、深刻な物資不足が続く町から、住民を避難させることを可能にし、2022年2月のロシアの侵攻開始以来、戦闘が止まった最長の期間だと、franceinfoは伝えています。
Key points

“〜すること” treats an action or content like a noun. The particle after it (が・を・は…) shows its role in the sentence. “ことができる” is a fixed combination meaning “can”.

06Linking actions with the て-form
Structure

verb て-form + next expression

In the article
偽の警報が流れたと、ウクライナ側は説明しています。
Key points

The て-form links actions in a series, in order or as a reason. In “確認して、出発する” the relation is judged from the content. In “〜ている” it can show an action in progress or a continuing state.

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