Cutting the tax on food: Prime Minister Takaichi asks the ruling majority for support for fast adoption
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NHK reports that on 26 October, at a liaison meeting with the ruling parties, Prime Minister Takaichi asked for their cooperation in quickly passing the bills, including the one cutting the consumption tax on food.

In this article
The essentials
According to NHK, on 26 October, at the government–majority liaison meeting, Prime Minister Takaichi asked the ruling parties to cooperate for quick adoption of the current session’s bills, including the one cutting the consumption tax on food. It was the first such meeting since last month’s reshuffle.
In parliament
According to another NHK article (morning of 26 October), the Diet continues to examine the bill this week. The majority is looking for the moment to pass it in the House of Representatives while listening to the opposition, which repeatedly asks the government to specify who will benefit from the income-adjusted financial support. The day before, NHK’s Sunday programme had also brought together the parliamentary leaders of the majority and opposition on this bill (we had cited only its title yesterday).
What we do not know yet
The articles consulted do not specify the rate and duration of the cut, the amount of the aid, the names of the other bills, the end date of the session, or the timetable for tabling and adoption. As the text could only be read in part, the position of each opposition party could not be verified.
Learn the grammar
French grammar
Learn sentence patterns and usage from the article’s own sentences.
01The present indicative
est / sont + attribute (noun, adjective, prepositional phrase)
Les dates d’annonce, des faits et de vérification sont distinctes.Key pointsÊtre in the present is est for a singular subject and sont for a plural one. It describes nature, state or place (“is”, “is located”). If what follows (the attribute) is a noun, adjective or prepositional phrase, it is not a passive. If a past participle follows, it is a passive (est annoncé). Headlines and summaries often use the present to describe the current situation.
02The passé composé
present of avoir + past participle
Le texte n’ayant pu être lu qu’en partie, la position de chaque parti d’opposition n’a pas pu être vérifiée.Key pointsThe passé composé is the most common past tense, used for “did” and “has done” — actions completed in the past. It is formed with the auxiliary avoir (a / ont…) in the present + a past participle. Past participles of -er verbs end in -é (annoncer → annoncé); learn the irregular ones (faire → fait, prendre → pris, voir → vu). In the negative, ne … pas wraps the auxiliary (n’a pas annoncé). In the news it reports facts that have already happened, such as “announced” or “voted”.
03The imparfait
stem (nous form of the present) + -ais / -ait / -ions / -iez / -aient
La veille, l’émission dominicale de NHK avait aussi réuni les responsables parlementaires de la majorité et de l’opposition sur ce texte (nous n’en avions cité que le titre hier).Key pointsThe imparfait describes states, background, habits and actions in progress in the past (il était, elle avait, ils pensaient). Take the nous form of the present, drop -ons, and add -ais / -ais / -ait / -ions / -iez / -aient. If the passé composé gives “the event itself”, the imparfait paints “the situation at the time”.
04The futur simple
stem (infinitive) + -ai / -as / -a / -ons / -ez / -ont
La majorité cherche le moment d’un passage à la Chambre des représentants tout en écoutant l’opposition, qui demande à plusieurs reprises que le gouvernement précise qui bénéficiera de l’aide financière modulée selon les revenus.Key pointsThe futur simple means “will do” or “is planned to”. Add -ai, -as, -a, -ons, -ez, -ont to the infinitive (participer → il participera). Watch the irregular stems: être → ser-, avoir → aur-, aller → ir-, faire → fer-, pouvoir → pourr-, voir → verr-. In the news it is used for fixed plans and outlooks.
05The gerund
en + present participle (-ant)
La majorité cherche le moment d’un passage à la Chambre des représentants tout en écoutant l’opposition, qui demande à plusieurs reprises que le gouvernement précise qui bénéficiera de l’aide financière modulée selon les revenus.Key pointsThe gerund means “while doing”, “by doing” or “when doing”. Its form is en + present participle (-ant). Take the nous form of the present, drop -ons and add -ant (faire → faisant). The subject is normally that of the main clause. It shows things happening at the same time, or the means.
06Negation and its scope
ne / n’ … pas · ne … plus
Les articles consultés ne précisent pas le taux et la durée de la baisse, le montant des aides, les noms des autres textes, la date de fin de session, ni le calendrier de dépôt et d’adoption.Key pointsNormally ne and pas wrap the verb. Before a vowel, ne becomes n’. Check which part of the sentence the negation covers. Ne … plus means “no longer”.
07Citing a source with selon
selon + noun / organisation
Selon NHK, le 26 octobre, lors de la réunion de liaison gouvernement–majorité, la Première ministre Takaichi a demandé aux partis de la majorité de coopérer pour une adoption rapide des projets de loi de la session en cours, dont celui sur la baisse de la taxe sur la consommation des denrées alimentaires.Key pointsSelon means “according to”. Put a person or organisation after it as the source. It separates facts the writer checked directly from what another body or report said. Citing a source does not turn a forecast into an accomplished fact.
08Purpose with pour
pour + infinitive
NHK rapporte que le 26 octobre, lors d’une réunion de liaison avec les partis de la majorité, la Première ministre Takaichi a demandé leur coopération pour adopter rapidement les textes, dont celui sur la baisse de la taxe sur la consommation des denrées alimentaires.Key pointsThis is the purpose, “in order to…”. Put the base form of a verb after pour. The purpose stated here is separate from whether the effect was actually achieved.
09The subject relative pronoun qui
noun + qui + verb
La majorité cherche le moment d’un passage à la Chambre des représentants tout en écoutant l’opposition, qui demande à plusieurs reprises que le gouvernement précise qui bénéficiera de l’aide financière modulée selon les revenus.Key pointsQui continues a description of the person or thing just mentioned (“the one that does…”). Because qui is itself the subject of the next verb, do not repeat the subject. The verb agrees with the noun qui refers to.
10Dates and their prepositions
le + 日付 / du … au …
NHK rapporte que le 26 octobre, lors d’une réunion de liaison avec les partis de la majorité, la Première ministre Takaichi a demandé leur coopération pour adopter rapidement les textes, dont celui sur la baisse de la taxe sur la consommation des denrées alimentaires.Key pointsLe 15 octobre means “on 15 October”. Distinguish the le before a date from the le that marks a weekly habit like a weekday. Du is de + le and au is à + le, so decide the meaning from the verb and period expressions around them. Their role depends on the group: a range of dates, the date of a bulletin or another complement.
11Marking a starting point
dès / depuis / à partir de + point in time
C’était la première réunion de ce type depuis le remaniement du mois dernier.Key pointsDès means “as early as” or “as soon as”, and à partir de means “from … onwards”. Depuis basically shows a state or period continuing from a point in time. All deal with a start, but they are not used the same way.
Japanese grammar
Understand the structure and usage from the text.
01Citing a source: によると
noun + によると
NHKによると、26日、高市首相は、政府と与党の連絡会議で、今の国会に出ている法案の、早い成立への協力を、与党に求めました。Key pointsAs in “LCPによると”, it shows where the information comes from. What that source reported follows. It is used differently from “私にとって”, which gives one’s own opinion.
02Defining a term with とは
noun + とは
確認できた記事に書かれていなかったことは、次のとおりです。Key pointsIt takes up a word, as in “在留資格とは?”, and asks for its meaning. In explanations it is used as “〜とは、…です”. Here the quotation と and the topic は are combined.
03Plan, outlook and policy
〜の予定 / 〜見込み / 〜方針
減税の税率と期間、支援金の金額、ほかの法案の名前、今の国会が終わる日、法案を出す日と、成立する日の予定です。Key points予定 is a plan, 見込み a forecast and 方針 a course of action or intention. None of them asserts that something has already been carried out. Note the difference from expressions such as “決まりました”.
04Qualifying a noun with に関する
noun + に関する + noun
NHKは、26日、高市首相が、与党との連絡会議で、食料品の消費税の減税に関する法案などの、早い成立への協力を求めたと伝えました。Key pointsAs in “税控除に関する採決”, it explains what the following noun relates to. It is close to “about” and is common in headlines and descriptions.
05Cause or purpose with ため
〜ため / 〜ために
記事の本文が、途中までしか読めなかったため、野党の党ごとの立場も、確認できていません。Key pointsため is used for both reason and purpose. “成立ではないため” is a reason and “運転手を守るため” a purpose. Decide from the whole sentence whether what precedes is a cause or a goal.
06Giving examples with など
noun / expression + など
NHKは、26日、高市首相が、与党との連絡会議で、食料品の消費税の減税に関する法案などの、早い成立への協力を求めたと伝えました。Key points“暴言など” gives “abusive language” as one example. It is not necessarily a closed list of only the things named. It also helps when reading the scope of a news story.