Japan: the Disaster Management Agency is launched, with an “urgent request” to prepare
Checked on
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- The Disaster Management Agency was launched on 2 November; its first minister is Goshi Hosono.
- In his “urgent request” he asked the public to fix furniture in place and stock supplies.
- The details of the request and what is asked of local governments could not be confirmed here.

In this article
What was launched
According to NHK and Jiji Press, the Disaster Management Agency (Bosaicho), which acts as the state’s command centre for disasters, was launched on 2 November and began full operations. It is in charge of everything from preparedness in normal times to recovery and reconstruction. Jiji says a launch ceremony was to be held in the afternoon, with Prime Minister Sanae Takaichi addressing staff.
What the “urgent request” says
Goshi Hosono, minister in charge of disaster management, announced the “urgent request” at his press conference after the Cabinet meeting. According to Jiji, it asks the public to prepare from everyday life: fixing furniture and stocking food. NHK also mentions making homes earthquake-resistant. Faced with a major disaster, the administration alone has its limits, he stressed: “everyone needs to act”.
Betting on prevention
According to NHK, the request was issued for the agency’s launch because measures to reduce damage need to be accelerated. The agency thus shows an approach of preparing in advance rather than only reacting after a disaster.
What has changed since our previous article
Our article of 1 November said the agency was due to be launched on 2 November, with about 350 staff and with the Central Disaster Management Council transferred from the Cabinet Office. What is new: the agency has actually been launched and its minister has issued the “urgent request”.
If you live in Japan
If you live in Japan, this is a chance to check the guidance of the agency and your municipality, fix your furniture and review your reserves of water, food and emergency toilets. Check the recommended quantities with the authorities. This article is based on reports of 2 November: the details of the request and what is asked of local governments could not be confirmed here.
Learn the grammar
French grammar
Learn sentence patterns and usage from the article’s own sentences.
01The present indicative
est / sont + attribute (noun, adjective, prepositional phrase)
Si vous vivez au Japon, c’est l’occasion de consulter les consignes de l’agence et de votre commune, de fixer vos meubles et de revoir vos réserves d’eau, de nourriture et de toilettes de secours.Key pointsÊtre in the present is est for a singular subject and sont for a plural one. It describes nature, state or place (“is”, “is located”). If what follows (the attribute) is a noun, adjective or prepositional phrase, it is not a passive. If a past participle follows, it is a passive (est annoncé). Headlines and summaries often use the present to describe the current situation.
02The passé composé
present of avoir + past participle
Son premier ministre, Gôshi Hosono, a lancé un « appel urgent » à la préparation.Key pointsThe passé composé is the most common past tense, used for “did” and “has done” — actions completed in the past. It is formed with the auxiliary avoir (a / ont…) in the present + a past participle. Past participles of -er verbs end in -é (annoncer → annoncé); learn the irregular ones (faire → fait, prendre → pris, voir → vu). In the negative, ne … pas wraps the auxiliary (n’a pas annoncé). In the news it reports facts that have already happened, such as “announced” or “voted”.
03The imparfait
stem (nous form of the present) + -ais / -ait / -ions / -iez / -aient
Jiji précise qu’une cérémonie de lancement devait avoir lieu l’après-midi, avec une allocution de la Première ministre Sanae Takaichi aux agents.Key pointsThe imparfait describes states, background, habits and actions in progress in the past (il était, elle avait, ils pensaient). Take the nous form of the present, drop -ons, and add -ais / -ais / -ait / -ions / -iez / -aient. If the passé composé gives “the event itself”, the imparfait paints “the situation at the time”.
04The present subjunctive
il faut que / pour que / bien que + subject + subjunctive
Face à une catastrophe majeure, l’administration seule a ses limites, a-t-il insisté : « il faut que chacun agisse ».Key pointsThe subjunctive expresses wish, need, purpose, doubt and feeling rather than “fact”. It is used inside a clause with que. Triggers: il faut que (must), pour que / afin que (so that), bien que / quoique (although), avant que (before), souhaiter que, vouloir que and others. Formation: stem of the ils present minus -ent + -e, -es, -e, -ions, -iez, -ent. Irregular: être → soit, avoir → ait, aller → aille, faire → fasse, pouvoir → puisse, savoir → sache.
05The passive voice in the present
être (est / sont) + past participle (+ par / de)
Japon : l’Agence de gestion des catastrophes est lancée, avec un « appel urgent » à s’y préparerKey pointsThe passive means “is done” or “is being done”. It is formed with être + past participle, which agrees with the subject in gender and number (la mesure est adoptée / les mesures sont adoptées). The agent is introduced by par (or de). In the news it is common when the event, rather than the actor, is the focus (est prévu / est annoncé / est connu).
06The passive in the passé composé
a / ont été + past participle
L’Agence japonaise de gestion des catastrophes a été lancée le 2 novembre.Key pointsThe past passive means “was done”. Its form is present of avoir + été (past participle of être) + past participle. Été does not change, but the last participle agrees with the subject in gender and number (la loi a été votée / les textes ont été votés). It is frequent in news reporting results such as votes, decisions and announcements.
07Negation and its scope
ne / n’ … pas · ne … plus
Cet article repose sur les reportages du 2 novembre : le détail des demandes et celles adressées aux collectivités n’ont pas pu être confirmés ici.Key pointsNormally ne and pas wrap the verb. Before a vowel, ne becomes n’. Check which part of the sentence the negation covers. Ne … plus means “no longer”.
08Citing a source with selon
selon + noun / organisation
Selon NHK et Jiji Press, l’Agence de gestion des catastrophes (防災庁, Bōsaichō), qui joue le rôle de poste de commandement de l’État face aux catastrophes, a été lancée le 2 novembre.Key pointsSelon means “according to”. Put a person or organisation after it as the source. It separates facts the writer checked directly from what another body or report said. Citing a source does not turn a forecast into an accomplished fact.
09Expressing a plan or a deadline
être prévu / prévoir / être envisagé
Notre article du 1er novembre annonçait un lancement prévu le 2 novembre, un effectif d’environ 350 personnes et le transfert du Conseil central de gestion des catastrophes depuis le Cabinet Office.Key pointsPrévoir means “to plan, to expect”. Être prévu means “to be scheduled” and être envisagé means “to be under consideration”. In the news, read them separately from expressions that describe events that have already happened. They do not say that the event has already taken place.
10Purpose with pour
pour + infinitive
Selon NHK, cet appel a été publié à l’occasion du lancement pour accélérer les mesures de réduction des dégâts.Key pointsThis is the purpose, “in order to…”. Put the base form of a verb after pour. The purpose stated here is separate from whether the effect was actually achieved.
Japanese grammar
Understand the structure and usage from the text.
01Citing a source: によると
noun + によると
NHKと時事通信によると、国の災害対応の司令塔の役割を果たす「防災庁」が11月2日に発足し、本格的に始動しました。Key pointsAs in “LCPによると”, it shows where the information comes from. What that source reported follows. It is used differently from “私にとって”, which gives one’s own opinion.
02Cause or purpose with ため
〜ため / 〜ために
NHKは、この要請を、被害を減らすために対策を加速させる必要がある、という考えのもと、防災庁の発足にあわせて発表されたものと伝えています。Key pointsため is used for both reason and purpose. “成立ではないため” is a reason and “運転手を守るため” a purpose. Decide from the whole sentence whether what precedes is a cause or a goal.
03Giving examples with など
noun / expression + など
時事通信によると、国民に対して、平時から家具の固定や食料の備蓄などの備えを求めるものです。Key points“暴言など” gives “abusive language” as one example. It is not necessarily a closed list of only the things named. It also helps when reading the scope of a news story.
04The polite past ました
verb stem (連用形) + ました
国の災害対応の司令塔となる防災庁が11月2日に発足しました。Key pointsIn “発表しました”, ました makes a verb polite past. The negative is “ませんでした”. Read the actual date together with the date and time in the text.
05Quoting with と: content and report
plain-form sentence + と + verbe de parole (報じる, 説明する…)
平時の備えから、復旧・復興までを担うとされています。Key pointsと takes the content that is reported or explained. In “改定する方針だと報じました”, “改定する方針だ” is what the report said. Separating the content from who said it and how makes long sentences easier to read.
06Treating a clause like a noun with こと
plain-form sentence + こと + particle
前回(11月1日付)は、防災庁が2日に発足する予定であること、定員が約350人であること、中央防災会議が内閣府から移管されることを伝えました。Key points“〜すること” treats an action or content like a noun. The particle after it (が・を・は…) shows its role in the sentence. “ことができる” is a fixed combination meaning “can”.