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US midterms: Democrats take both chambers of Congress, a heavy blow for Donald Trump

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AT A GLANCE
  • According to franceinfo and other outlets, Democrats are projected to win both chambers in the 3 November midterms.
  • CBS estimates 251 to 268 Democratic seats in the House and at least 54 in the Senate; figures vary by source.
  • Democrats elected senators in Republican strongholds such as Texas, South Carolina and Maine.
  • The Senate results in Mississippi and Alaska, and the final seat count, are not yet confirmed.
Archive photo of the US Capitol in Washington (west front); not an image of this election.
Architect of the Capitol · Public domainArchive photo of the US Capitol in Washington (west front); not an image of this election.
In this article

What happened

According to franceinfo (live page updated from the evening of 3 November, using Associated Press data), Democrats have regained control of both chambers of Congress; the site speaks of a “Democratic triumph” and a “stinging defeat” for Donald Trump’s Republicans. All 435 House seats and one third of the Senate were up for election. CBS News’s live page (4 November, 11:15 p.m. Eastern time) estimates that Democrats will win 251 to 268 House seats and writes that they have “secured at least 54 seats” in the Senate. However, Mississippi and Alaska remain close Senate races with no announced winner.

Notable results

franceinfo names James Talarico (Texas), Roy Cooper (North Carolina), Annie Andrews (South Carolina) and Troy D. Jackson (Maine) among the Democratic breakthroughs in Republican strongholds. CBS reports that Texas, Kansas and South Carolina are electing their first Democratic senators in decades, and that seats also changed hands in Ohio, Iowa, North Carolina and Maine. In the House, Democrats took “more than two dozen” Republican-held seats, including California’s 48th district. The Republicans’ mid-term redistricting is said to have backfired on them (CBS calls it a “dummymander”).

Context and reactions

franceinfo cites Donald Trump’s low approval rating, inflation tied to the war with Iran, the crises around the Strait of Hormuz and the Bab el-Mandeb strait, and the shock of tariffs. According to the same outlet, since 1946 only Bill Clinton (1998) and George W. Bush (2002) avoided losing House seats at mid-term as sitting presidents. According to a franceinfo headline, Trump said “Congratulations to the Democrats” and promised to accept the results. According to CBS, Vice President JD Vance said the war in Iran is “the reason we lost,” and Democratic senator Chuck Schumer promised to entangle Trump in “legislative razor wire.” House Speaker Mike Johnson reportedly told his staff he will not seek another term as head of the Republican conference.

What is not verified

The final count is not yet confirmed: figures differ between outlets and counting was still under way (CBS gives a range of 251 to 268 House seats). The Senate results in Mississippi and Alaska, turnout and the bills or inquiries the new Congress will take up are not established in the sources consulted. For figures, check the AP and official state results.

LANGUAGE NOTES

Learn the grammar

Explained in English

French grammar

Learn sentence patterns and usage from the article’s own sentences.

01Negation and its scope
Structure

ne / n’ … pas · ne … plus

In the article
Le président de la Chambre, Mike Johnson, aurait dit à ses collaborateurs qu’il ne briguerait pas un nouveau mandat à la tête du groupe républicain.
Key points

Normally ne and pas wrap the verb. Before a vowel, ne becomes n’. Check which part of the sentence the negation covers. Ne … plus means “no longer”.

02Citing a source with selon
Structure

selon + noun / organisation

In the article
Les décomptes varient selon les sources et des scrutins restent à trancher.
Key points

Selon means “according to”. Put a person or organisation after it as the source. It separates facts the writer checked directly from what another body or report said. Citing a source does not turn a forecast into an accomplished fact.

03The present of être
Structure

est / sont + complement

In the article
Aux élections de mi-mandat du 3 novembre, les démocrates sont donnés vainqueurs à la Chambre et au Sénat.
Key points

Est is third-person singular and sont third-person plural of être. They express “is / are” — a state or description. If a past participle follows, it is a different structure such as the passive, so check the words that follow.

04The subject relative pronoun qui
Structure

noun + qui + verb

In the article
Ce que l’on sait, et ce qui reste à confirmer.
Key points

Qui continues a description of the person or thing just mentioned (“the one that does…”). Because qui is itself the subject of the next verb, do not repeat the subject. The verb agrees with the noun qui refers to.

05Delimiting an interval
Structure

de … à … / du … au …

In the article
Le décompte final n’est pas encore confirmé : les chiffres diffèrent selon les médias et le dépouillement se poursuivait (CBS donne une fourchette de 251 à 268 sièges à la Chambre).
Key points

De…à… shows the start and end, “from … to …”, and is also used for changes in figures. With dates, de + le becomes du and à + le becomes au, giving forms like du 13 au 15. Check whether the interval concerns dates, times or amounts.

06Dates and their prepositions
Structure

le + 日付 / du … au …

In the article
Selon franceinfo (page en direct mise à jour depuis le 3 novembre au soir, données de l’AP), les démocrates ont repris le contrôle des deux chambres du Congrès ; le site parle de « triomphe des démocrates » et de « cuisante défaite » pour les républicains de Donald Trump.
Key points

Le 15 octobre means “on 15 October”. Distinguish the le before a date from the le that marks a weekly habit like a weekday. Du is de + le and au is à + le, so decide the meaning from the verb and period expressions around them. Their role depends on the group: a range of dates, the date of a bulletin or another complement.

Explained in English

Japanese grammar

Understand the structure and usage from the text.

01Citing a source: によると
Structure

noun + によると

In the article
同紙によると、1946年以降、現職の大統領の党が中間選挙で下院の議席を減らさなかったのは、1998年のクリントン氏と2002年のブッシュ氏だけです。
Key points

As in “LCPによると”, it shows where the information comes from. What that source reported follows. It is used differently from “私にとって”, which gives one’s own opinion.

02Plan, outlook and policy
Structure

〜の予定 / 〜見込み / 〜方針

In the article
報道によって数字が違い、開票は続いていました(CBSは下院の見込みを251〜268議席の幅で示しています)。
Key points

予定 is a plan, 見込み a forecast and 方針 a course of action or intention. None of them asserts that something has already been carried out. Note the difference from expressions such as “決まりました”.

03Giving examples with など
Structure

noun / expression + など

In the article
下院では、共和党が持っていた「2ダース以上」の議席を民主党が奪い、カリフォルニア州の第48区などの選挙区で勝ちました。
Key points

“暴言など” gives “abusive language” as one example. It is not necessarily a closed list of only the things named. It also helps when reading the scope of a news story.

04The polite past ました
Structure

verb stem (連用形) + ました

In the article
トランプ氏は、見出しによれば「民主党におめでとう」と述べ、結果を受け入れると約束しました。
Key points

In “発表しました”, ました makes a verb polite past. The negative is “ませんでした”. Read the actual date together with the date and time in the text.

05Quoting with と: content and report
Structure

plain-form sentence + と + verbe de parole (報じる, 説明する…)

In the article
franceinfo(3日夜から更新のライブ記事、AP通信のデータを使用)は、民主党が連邦議会の上下両院の主導権を取り戻したと伝え、「民主党の圧勝」「トランプ氏の共和党の大敗」と表現しています。
Key points

と takes the content that is reported or explained. In “改定する方針だと報じました”, “改定する方針だ” is what the report said. Separating the content from who said it and how makes long sentences easier to read.

06Treating a clause like a noun with こと
Structure

plain-form sentence + こと + particle

In the article
分かっていることと、まだ分からないことを整理します。
Key points

“〜すること” treats an action or content like a noun. The particle after it (が・を・は…) shows its role in the sentence. “ことができる” is a fixed combination meaning “can”.

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